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welcome! to anxieties 101!
after looking things over here at anxieties 101,
try out "the layer down under," (part of the emotional feelings network of sites) & read a special "i
just gotta say it" column concerning porn addiction by clicking here! Be sure to scroll down towards the bottom of the right hand column to find it!


How this site works best for you!
You'll
notice that there are many underlined link words in each article below. The reason for this is that you have reached not only, "the
layer down under that," but the emotional feelings network of sites. There are many
sites included within the network that'll be visited by clicking on these underlined link words.
If you can't find what you came
here looking for, visit the homepage for the emotional feelings network of sites by clicking above & read the options on
the homepage for the networks index of sites. Try to be specific when looking for an emotion or feeling word & click on the site you need!
It's very simple & very
interesting to follow your way thru the layers of your buried or stuffed emotions & feelings that have accumulated throughout the years!
when you've reached this point, or this website, you know you're making
progress!!!! this part gets difficult because now is the time to look within & become emotionally honest with yourself!!!
Best of luck & if you're
still stuck, send me an e-mail anytime, by clicking
here & I'll be glad to send you an immediate personal response!
Sincerely,
Kathleen



A Glossary of Terms to Understand Mental Illness More Thoroughly
"Acute"
Acute refers to something
that occurs at a specific time often for a relatively short duration.
i.e, acute exercise refers to a bout of exercise done at a specific time for a specific amount of time.
- Acute
anxiety is anxiety that exists in a person in response to a specific event (same
as state anxiety).
excerpt from: American Family
Physician Website: Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Initial Assessment After obtaining a patient history, the physician
should try to categorize the anxiety as acute (or brief or intermittent) or persistent (or chronic).15,16
Acute
anxiety lasts from hours to weeks (in contrast, panic attacks last for minutes) & is usually preceded by a stressor. Often, comorbid conditions (e.g., major depression) aren't present.15 Persistent anxiety lasts for months
to years & can include what is called "trait anxiety." Trait anxiety
can be viewed as part of a patient's temperament; i.e.,
a patient may say, "I've always been nervous, but I don't know about what."
Although there's usually not
a precipitating stressor in most cases of persistent anxiety, a stressor can exacerbate the patient's baseline level of anxiety.
This situation is called "double anxiety" (i.e., acute
anxiety superimposed on persistent anxiety).15 GAD is a form of persistent anxiety & can occur in patients with or without trait anxiety.
Patients w/GAD present w/a wide variety of symptoms & range of severity.12 Some patients may emphasize
a special symptom (e.g., insomnia) & not report other symptoms that are usually associated w/ GAD.12
Some patients
may not complain of anxiety or specific worries but present w/exclusively somatic symptoms (physical symptoms) such as diarrhea, palpitations, dyspnea, abdominal pain, headache or chest pain.2
These patients
warrant a full medical evaluation because there may be no indication that GAD is the etiology. Conversely, physicians should include a psychiatric disorder in the differential diagnosis when symptoms
are vaguely described, don't conform to known pathophysiologic mechanisms, persist after a negative work-up & aren't resolved
by reassurance.
Patients w/this
clinical profile should be asked as early in the evaluation as possible about worries, "nerves,"
or anxiety, acute or chronic stressors & about the presence of symptoms listed in Tables 110 and 2.10,11 ( click the underlined links fo view tables)
" Affective Disorder - (also called Mood Disorder) "
(click the above underlined link to
go to the Affective Disorder Page, which includes descriptions of all the disorders below) A category of mental health problems that includes:
A category of mental
health problems that includes a disturbance in mood, usually profound sadness or apathy, euphoria or irritability, such as the disorder, depression.
" Agoraphobia "
A Greek word that
literally means "fear of the marketplace."
This
anxiety disorder is characterized by a fear of open, public places or of being in crowds. Agoraphobics often experience panic attacks in a place or situation from which escape may be difficult or embarrassing.
" amino acid '
An
organic compound containing an amino group (NH2), a carboxylic acid group (COOH) & any
of various side groups, especially any of the 20 compounds that have the basic formula NH2CHRCOOH & that link together
by peptide bonds to form proteins or that function as chemical messengers & as intermediates in metabolism.
or the easier to understand version:
amino acids - (click to directly visit the source site)
Amino
acids are the molecular units that make up proteins. All proteins are various compositions
of 20 specific naturally occurring amino acids.
The 20 amino acids
(that make up proteins) each have assigned to
them both 3-letter (can be upper or lower case) & 1-letter codes (upper case). This makes it quicker & easier for notation purposes & are worth learning.
The following list
gives these notations along with hypertext references to download amino acid gif images & also interactive
molecules.
The format of the list is:
amino acid name - 3 letter code - 1 letter code (reference to gif image, reference to interactive
molecule)
- alanine - ala - A gif, interactive
- arginine - arg - R gif, interactive
- asparagine - asn - N gif, interactive
- aspartic acid - asp - D gif, interactive
- cysteine - cys - C gif, interactive
- glutamine - gln - Q gif, interactive
- glutamic acid - glu - E gif, interactive
- glycine - gly - G gif, interactive
- histidine - his - H gif, interactive
- isoleucine - ile - I gif, interactive
- leucine - leu - L gif, interactive
- lysine - lys - K gif, interactive
- methionine - met - M gif, interactive
- phenylalanine - phe - F gif, interactive
- proline - pro - P gif, interactive
- serine - ser - S gif, interactive
- threonine - thr - T gif, interactive
- tryptophan - trp - W gif, interactive
- tyrosine - tyr - Y gif, interactive
- valine - val - V gif, interactive
Sometimes it's not possible to differentiate 2 closely related amino acids,
therefore we have the special cases:
- asparagine/aspartic acid - asx - B
- glutamine/glutamic acid - glx - Z
excerpt: from: ask the dietician
I exercise frequently, so I try to eat a diet rich in amino acids. Unfortunately, I don't really know how to tell what amino
acids (or how much of them) I get from what I eat. Since food labels don't give us
this information, is there another way to find out?
First you need to write down
everything you eat. Then your choices are to either send your food records to a Registered Dietitian who could analyze the amino acid
content in the foods you eat or find a nutrition software package that has amino acid content
of foods in their database.
A dietitian's report could
include the levels of 9 essential amino acids in your foods including histidine, which is essential only for children. Their report also graphs your food plus any amino acid supplements you may take so you can see the combined effect.
A dietitian could also include
the amounts of non-essential amino acids you eat. Remember that non-essential
amino acids are still necessary to the body, but that your body can manufacture non-essential
amino acids from essential amino acids.
Your other choice is a nutrition
software package. Look for software that contains a database of amino acid content in food.
There are very few nutrition software packages that contain amino acid food values though.
Those that do are designed for nutrition professionals & are usually not available to consumers.
new question: What are the
benefits & problems associated w/amino acid supplements, particularly a supplement with
a wide variety of amino acids, for an individual on a heavy workout schedule & a high carbohydrate diet? I've heard that L-tryptophan supplements are associated
w/a blood disease, is this true?
Tryptophan
is an essential amino acid when taken as a supplement can make a person sleepy. Turkey is
high in tryptophan & do you remember how a turkey dinner makes people sleepy? Tryptophan isn't associated w/a blood disease.
Phenylalanine
is another essential amino acid that isn't metabolized very well by children & adults
w/PKU. Is this the blood disease you were thinking of? PKU is genetically passed from parent to child.
There's no research to support
any benefit to taking amino acid supplements for persons who exercise. Amino acids are either essential (8 can't be made by the body
& must come from a source outside the body) or non-essential (12 that can be made within
the body from essential amino acids).
If you take an amino acid supplement, make sure it contains only essential amino acids
(isoleucine, leucine, lysine,
methionine, phenylalanine, threonine,
tryptophan & valine) or you're wasting your money.
Amino
acids eaten in crystalline form will be absorbed directly into the blood stream. Your body can only use so much protein
& any excess is used for energy or stored as fat. Your body uses protein to build & repair lean tissue (muscles & organs).
Weight lifting will increase muscle size & the average US diet & the RDA contains enough protein (females
50 gm & males 63 gm per day) to promote an increase in muscle mass.
Some weight lifters talk about
lifting breaking down their muscles. Any movement of protein out of muscles will go into the blood pool of amino acids that's available to all lean tissue. Research has shown that the uptake of amino
acids improves in weight lifters during recovery after exercise.
A healthy person doesn't loose
significant protein other than thru hair & nails. So the protein & amino acids you
eat stay in your body.
" Anger - an emotion or feeling
"
The experience of
intense annoyance that inspires hostile & aggressive thoughts & actions.
" Antidepressants "
Medications used in the treatment of depression & other psychiatric disorders.
Antisocial
Personality Disorder
A disorder characterized by a disregard for the feelings, property, authority & respect of others, for an individual's own personal gain.
This may include violent or aggressive destructive actions towards other individuals, w/out a sense or remorse or guilt.
" Anxiety - an element of Anxiety Disorder "
Anxiety is a form of negative self-appraisal characterized by worry, self-doubt & apprehension. A feeling of unease & fear of impending anger characterized by physical symptoms such as rapid heart rate, sweating, trembling & feelings of stress. In contrast to fear, the danger or threat in anxiety is imagined, not real.
" Arousal "
An abrupt
change from sleep to wakefulness, or from a "deeper" stage of non-REM sleep to a "lighter" stage
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral condition
in which children have difficulties paying attention & focusing on tasks. This common disorder begins in early childhood
& can continue into adulthood. If not recognized & treated, it can cause problems at home, school & work & with relationships.
More about the
details of ADHD can be found if you click here!
Additional Article:
The Impact Of ADHD in America
"Autism"
What is
Autism?
Autism is a complex condition sharing many similarities w/other conditions such as dyslexia, dyspraxia
& ADHD. For a diagnosis of autism to be made, there must be some other symptoms such as difficulties with:
Autism appears to be occurring more often & while autism used to
occur primarily from birth, over the past 10 years there's been a dramatic increase in late onset autism,
most frequently diagnosed in the 2nd year of life.
What causes Autism?
As w/many conditions
there's debate as to whether autism is inherited or caused by something like
diet or environment.
Autism is 4 times as common in boys as it is in girls. Parents & siblings of autistic children are far more likely to suffer from:
-
milk or gluten allergy
-
have digestive disorders
-
irritable bowel syndrome
-
high cholesterol
-
night blindness
-
light sensitivity
-
thyroid problems
-
cancer
Being breastfed increases
the risk. One might suspect that autistic children may inherit certain imbalances;
an alternative explanation might be that other family members eat the same food & may be lacking the same nutrients &
there's growing evidence that some of the nutritional approaches used to help correct dyslexia, dyspraxia & ADHD can make
a significant difference to the autistic child.
Recently there's
been a raging debate over the danger of the MMR vaccine causing autism in children. The official line is that there's no good
evidence of such a danger. There's some truth in this, in that Dr. Andrew Wakefield's research at the Royal Free Hospital,
while important, is the first hint of a problem & it may be too early to jump to conclusions.
For most children,
the MMR vaccine is unlikely to be a problem, however no one really knows the full consequences or giving a child 3 immune
attacks-mumps, measles & rubella- all at the same time.
Getting all 3
illnesses at once simply doesn't occur in nature, so there's a logical argument for single vaccines if a parent so chooses,
especially for children w/weakened immune systems.
Perhaps for children
w/nutrient deficiencies, lacking essential fatty acids, susceptible to food allergies &/or gut problems, these triple
vaccines are the last straw.
How
to Improve the Symptoms of Autism
- Ensure that any nutrient
deficiencies are addressed - Research has shown that addressing nutrient deficiencies can dramatically improve symptoms in
Autistic children. Nutrients of particular importance are Vitamins B6, Vitamin C Vitamin
A, Zinc & Magnesium .
- Vitamin B6 is of particular
help in children w/pyroluria a condition in which high levels of compounds called pyroles are excreted in the urine &
cause a deficiency of zinc & B6. Pyroluria should be suspected in children w/facial swelling & w/a history of frequent
colds & middle ear infections & can be tested w/a simple urine test
- Ensure adequate intake of
essential fats - Research has shown that some autistic children have an enzymatic defect
that removes essential fatty acids from brain cell membranes more quickly than it should.
- Consequently supplementing
the Omega 3 fatty acid EPA, which can slow the activity of this enzyme may show beneficial effects.
- Remove Allergens - In addition
to nutrient deficiencies, the most significant contributing factor in autism appears to
be undesirable foods & chemicals that often reach the brain via the bloodstream because of faulty digestion & absorption.
- The foods which seem to adversely
influence a large number of children include wheat & other gluten containing grains, milk & other dairy products including
casein, citrus fruits, chocolate, artificial food colourings, paracetamol, salicylates (prunes,
raisins, raspberries, almonds, apricots, canned cherries, blackcurrants, oranges, strawberries, grapes, tomato sauce, plums,
cucumbers & granny smith apples), nightshade family foods (potatoes, tomatoes, aubergines).
- The strongest direct evidence
of foods linked to autism involves wheat & dairy & the specific proteins they contain
- namely gluten & casein. These are difficult to digest & can result in allergy especially if introduced too early
in life.
- Supplement Nutrients for
a healthy gut - A large proportion of parents of autistic children report that
their child received repeated or prolonged courses of antibiotic drugs for ear or other respiratory infections during the
first year of life.
- Such broad spectrum antibiotics
kill the good as well as the bad bacteria in the gut, weakening the intestinal membranes. Restoring a healthy gut, by supplementing
digestive enzymes & probiotics is known to produce positive results in autistic children.
- The amino acid L-glutamine
is especially important in restoring the integrity of the digestive tract. Drinking 5g dissolved in water just before bedtime
can help heal the gut.
Avoidance Behavior
Avoidance describes an exaggerated predisposition to withdraw from normal situations & to avoid personal challenges as threats. This is the behavioral state that often accompanies the distress of someone who has a high level of neuroticism & low self-efficacy (Vaughan & Oldham,
1997).
Closely related to the characteristics of behavioral inhibition or introversion, the trait of avoidance appears to be partly inherited & is associated w/shyness, anxiety & depressive disorders in both childhood & adult life, as well as the subsequent development of substance abuse disorders (Vaughan & Oldham, 1997; Kagan et al., 1988).
The people w/low levels of harm avoidance are described as healthy extroverts & are characterized by confident, carefree, or outgoing behaviors.
Avoidant Personality
Disorder
People
w/avoidant personality disorder avoid situations w/any potential for conflict or rejection & are disturbed by their own social isolation, withdrawal & inability to form close, interpersonal relationships.
"Basic Sleep Cycle"
The progression through orderly
succession of sleep states & stages. For the healthy adult, the first cycle is begins by going from wakefulness to non-REM
sleep.
The first REM period follows
the first period of non-REM sleep, & the 2 sleep states continue to alternate throughout the night w/an average period
of about 90 mins.
A night of normal human
sleep usually consists of 4-6 non-REM/REM sleep cycles.
" Behavioral Therapy "
A form of psychotherapy that focuses on modifying observable problematic behaviors by manipulating the individual's environment.
"
Biological Clock "
A term for
the brain process causing us to have 24-hour fluctuations in body temperature, hormone secretion & other bodily activities.
The most
important function fosters the daily alternation of sleep & wakefulness. The biological clock is found in a pair of tiny bilateral brain areas called the suprachiasmatic nuclei.
additional resource:
Understanding the Biological Clock
" Bipolar Disorder "
A mood disorder, once called manic-depressive disorder, that's characterized by episodes of major depression & mania.
" Borderline Personality Disorder "
People w/this disorder present instability in their perceptions of themselves
& have difficulty maintaining stable relationships.
Moods may be inconsistent, but never neutral - their sense of reality is always seen in "black & white."
Adults w/borderline personality disorder often seek caretaking thru the manipulation of others, leaving them often feeling empty, angry & abandoned, which may lead to desperate & impulsive behavior.
" Child & Adolescent Psychiatrist "
Licensed physicians who specialize in the
evaluation, diagnosis, & treatment of mental disorders in children & adolescents.
" Chronic "
Chronic refers to something that
persists for a relatively long period of time. Chronic depression, i.e., would be depression that lasts a long time. A chronic exerciser is someone who does exercise on a regular basis.
" Circadian Rhythm "
The innate, daily, fluctuation of behavioral & physiological functions, including sleep waking, generally tied to the 24 hour day-night cycle but sometimes to a different (e.g., 23 or 25 hour)
periodicity when light/dark & other time cues are removed.
"Claustrophobia"
A fear of enclosed spaces.
"
Clinical depression "
This is depression (see definition) that persists for a relatively long period of time or becomes so severe that a person needs special help to cope w/day-to-day affairs.
" Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)"
A method
of treating psychiatric disorders based on the idea that the way we think about the world & ourselves (our cognitions) affect our emotions & behavior.
" Cognitive
Disorders "
The class of disorders consisting
of significant impairment of cognition or memory that represents a marked deterioration from a previous level of functioning.
" Cognitive Therapy "
A method of treating psychiatric disorders
that focuses on revising a person's thinking, perceptions, attitudes & beliefs.
" Compensation "
A process
of psychologically counterbalancing perceived weaknesses
by emphasizing strength in other arenas.
" Compulsion "
An uncontrollable,
repetitive & unwanted urge to perform an act. A compulsive act is a defense against unacceptable ideas & desires, & failure to perform the act leads to anxiety.
" Cyclothymia "
A mood disorder of at least 2 years' duration viewed as a mild variant of bipolar disorder.
Cyclothymia is characterized by numerous periods of mild depressive symptoms not sufficient in duration or severity to meet the criteria for major depression interspersed w/periods of hypomania.
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